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Leucine: It is an essential amino acid and is not synthesized. It is an amino acid isocaproic. This may be synthesized by the micro-organism from ketoisovaleric acid and acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA is converted into ketone bodies and therefore leucine is ketogenic amino acids. It gives energy in combination, isoleucine and valine. It regulates protein metabolism.
Sources Leucine: It is found in abundance in bajra, jowar, wheat, Bengal gram, mung beans, field beans, soybeans, drumstick leaves, spinach, Colocasia, radishes, sweet potato, bitter gourd, cauliflower, almonds, sesame seeds, pistachios, walnuts, apples, meat, eggs, milk and cheese. The RDA for children is 42 mg, and for adults is 14 mg per kg. body weight.
Isoleucine: It is an amino acid methylvaleric. It is essential and is not synthesized in the body. It is also synthesized in the micro-organism.
The catabolism of isoleucine leads to suddinyl-CoA, acetyl and C02 with reactions similar to reactions of catabolism of right and banchedchain fatty acids.
It regulates metabolism, and function of the thymus gland, spleen and pituitary. It contributes to the formation of hemoglobin.
Isoleucine Sources: It is available in millet, ragi, rice, Black gram, Rajmah, Bathu, spinach, radish, sweet potato, tomato, gourd of ashes, cashews, flax seeds, banana, apple, egg, cheese, and dry yeast. The RDA for children is 28 mg, and for adults is 10 mg per kg. body weight.
Glycine: Glycine is one of the most versatile with a simple chemical structure of amino acids. As the body can synthesize it, it is non-essential amino acid. Glycine is glycogenic and antiketogenic.
The synthesis of glycine takes place in May of ways. It is synthesized from glyoxylate and glutamate or alanine aminotransferase catalyzed by glycine in the liver. There they are formed from choline and serine as well.
Glycine, cysteine, glutamic acid is found in glutathione, a tripetide widely distributed in tissues. Glycine plays an important role in the synthesis of creatine.
Glycinuria is indicated by urinary excretion of 0.6-1 g of glycine per day and a tendency to form kidney stones oxalate. It follows a defect of renal tubular reabsorption. Vitamin B-6 deficiency excess oxalate is excreted in the urine if excess glycine is fed.
Several metabolites as glycocholic bile acid and hippuric acid are excreted in the urine, water soluble glycine conjugates. The liver's ability to convert benzoate food additive in the hip of uric acid was earlier used to assess liver function. Metabolic ketoacidosis with developmental delay in the academic world disorder prevailing methylmalonic 1:20000, releasing addition of glycine in blood and urine is being processed by a balanced diet with vitamins 12.
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